1887

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the presence of vancomycin resistance ( and ) and virulence genes (, , , , , , and ) in vancomycin-resistant (VRE) strains and to analyse the clonal relationships among the strains. strains were identified from rectal and clinical specimens by biochemical tests and the API-20 Strep kit. Susceptibility testing was performed using disc-diffusion and broth-dilution methods. PFGE was used for molecular typing of the VRE strains. The vancomycin resistance and virulence genes were amplified by two-step multiplex PCR. All 55 VRE isolates were resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin and high-level gentamicin but were susceptible to quinupristin/dalfopristin and linezolid. Multiplex PCR analysis indicated that all isolates harboured and that 41 (75 %) were positive for virulence genes. The gene was the most common virulence factor and was detected in nine (41 %) invasive and 32 (96.7 %) non-invasive isolates. Multiple virulence genes were observed only in two non-invasive isolates; one harboured and and the other harboured , , , and . PFGE typing yielded 16 different types, seven of which were clusters with two to 14 strains each. The clustering rates of the rectal swab, blood and urine isolates were 72.7 %, 61.5 % and 87.5 %, respectively. The genetic similarity observed among the VRE isolates indicated cross-transmission in the hospital. Further studies on the virulence factors present in the strains might provide insight into the acquisition of these traits and their contribution to increased prevalence of VRE.

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2015-07-01
2024-03-29
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