• Open Access

Review of x-ray free-electron laser theory

Zhirong Huang and Kwang-Je Kim
Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 10, 034801 – Published 12 March 2007

Abstract

High-gain free-electron lasers (FELs) are being developed as extremely bright sources for a next-generation x-ray facility. In this paper, we review the basic theory of the start-up, the exponential growth, and the saturation of the high-gain process, emphasizing the self-amplified spontaneous emission. The radiation characteristics of an x-ray FEL, including its transverse coherence, temporal characteristics, and harmonic content, are discussed. FEL performance in the presence of machine errors and undulator wakefields is examined. Various enhancement schemes through seeding and beam manipulations are summarized.

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  • Received 25 August 2006

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.10.034801

This article is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.

Authors & Affiliations

Zhirong Huang

  • Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, California 94309, USA

Kwang-Je Kim

  • Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA

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Issue

Vol. 10, Iss. 3 — March 2007

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