Plant Protect. Sci., 2008, 44(3):101-107 | DOI: 10.17221/23/2008-PPS

Disease suppression in Ganoderma-infected oil palm seedlings treated with Trichoderma harzianum

Mohd Zainudin Nur Ain Izzati, Faridah ABDULLAH
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Disease suppression in Ganoderma-infected oil palm seedlings treated with a conidial suspension of Trichoder-ma harzianum FA 1132 was tested in plant house conditions to determine the effectiveness of the fungus as a biocontrol agent. The highest efficacy of control was achieved by treatment right after artificial infection; the total number of infected plants was reduced to give the lowest disease severity index (DSI) value of 5.0%, compared to the infected and non-treated control that had the highest DSI of 70.0%. After conidia suspension of FA 1132 was applied, the colony forming ability by Trichoderma in the soil was dramatically increased, but decreased after some time. Results of the present study are a useful reference basis for further tests in the field and large scale production trials.

Keywords: Ganoderma boninense; Trichoderma harzianum; oil palm; biological control; basal stem rot

Published: September 30, 2008  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Nur Ain Izzati MZ, ABDULLAH F. Disease suppression in Ganoderma-infected oil palm seedlings treated with Trichoderma harzianum. Plant Protect. Sci.. 2008;44(3):101-107. doi: 10.17221/23/2008-PPS.
Download citation

References

  1. Abdullah F., Ilias G.N.M., Vijaya S.K., Leong T.T. (1999): Diversity of Trichoderma and its in vivo efficacy against Ganoderma boninense. In: Sidek Z., Bong S.K., Ong C.A., Husan A.K. (eds): Sustainable Crop Protection Practices in the Next Millenium. MCBMAPPS Plant Protection Conference '99, 2-3 November 1999, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah: 137-140.
  2. Abdullah F., Ilias G.N.M., Nelson M., Nur Ain Izzati M.Z., Umi Kalsom Y. (2003): Disease assessment and the efficacy of Trichoderma as a biocontrol agent of basal stem rot of oil palms. Research Bulletin Science Putra, 11: 31-33.
  3. Chet I. (1987): Trichoderma-application, mode of action and potential as a biocontrol agent of soilborne plant pathogenic fungi. In: Innovative Approaches to Plant Disease Control. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
  4. De Marco J.L., Felix C.R. (2002): Characterization of a protease produced by a Trichoderma harzianum isolate which controls cocoa plant witches's broom disease. BMC Biochemistry, 3: 3-10. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  5. Elad Y., Chet I., Henis Y. (1983): Parasitism of Trichoderma spp. on Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii: scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microcopy. Phytopathology, 73: 85-88. Go to original source...
  6. Haram S., Schickler H., Oppenheim A., Chet I. (1996): Differential expression of Trichoderma harzianum chitinases during mycoparasitism. Phytopathology, 86: 980-985. Go to original source...
  7. Idris A.S., Ismail S., Arrifin D., Ahmad H. (2002): Control of Ganoderma - infected palm - development of pressure injection and field applications. MPOB Information Series.
  8. Ilias G.N.M. (2000): Trichoderma and its efficacy as a bio-control agent of basal stem rot of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). [Ph.D. Thesis.] Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
  9. Kexiang Xiaoguang L., Yonghong L., Tianbo Z., Shuliang W. (2002): Potential of Trichoderma harzianum and T. atroviride to control Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp. piricola, the cause of apple ring rot. Journal of Phytopathology, 150: 271-276. Go to original source...
  10. Khairuddin H. (1990): Basal stem rot of oil palm: Incidence, etiology and control. [Master of Agricultural Thesis.] Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
  11. Lo C.T., Nelson E.B., Harman G.E. (1997): Improved biocontrol efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum 1295-22 for foliar phases of turf diseases by use of spray applications. Plant Disease, 81: 1132-1138. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  12. Phillips-Laing E., Staines H.J., Palfreyman J.W. (2003): The isolation of specific bio-control agents for the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans. Holzforschung, 57: 574-578. Go to original source...
  13. Roco A., Maria Pèrez L. (2001): In vitro biocontrol activity of Trichoderma harzianum on Alternaria alternata in the presence of growth regulators. EJB Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 4: 68-73. Go to original source...
  14. Sariah M., Choo C.W., Zakaria H., Norihan M.S. (2005): Quantification and characterization of Trichoderma spp. from different ecosystems. Mycopathologia, 159: 113-117. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  15. Shafiquzzaman S., Faridah A., Tan S.G., Emila Rohaza A. (2007): Phylogenetic relationships of Trichoderma harzianum based on the sequence analysis of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region-1 of the rDNA. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 3: 896-903.
  16. Sharon E., Bar-Eyal M., Chet I., Herrera-Estrella A., Kleifeld O., Spiegel Y. (2001): Biological control of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica by Trichoderma harzianum. Phytopathology, 91: 687-693. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  17. Sharoni S., Arnon D., Alon B., Mohamad A.D., Yigal E. (2006): Honey bee dispersal of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum T39: effectiveness in suppressing Botrytis cinerea on strawberry under field conditions. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 116: 119-128. Go to original source...
  18. Susanto A., Sudharto P.S., Purba R.Y. (2005): Enhancing biological control of basal stem rot disease (Ganoderma boninense) in oil palm plantations. Mycopathologia, 159: 153-157. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  19. Turner P.D., Bull R.A. (1967): Disease and Disorders of the Oil Palm in Malaysia. Incorporated Society of Planters. Kuala Lumpur.
  20. Zimand G., Elad Y., Chet I. (1996): Effect of Trichoderma harzianum on Botrytis cinerea pathogenicity. Phytopathology, 86: 1255-1260. Go to original source...

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.