HIV Infection-Related Premature Immunosenescence: High Rates of Immune Exhaustion After Short Time of Infection

Sara      Ferrando-Martinez; Ezequiel      Ruiz-Mateos; Maria      Concepcion Romero-Sanchez; Ma.      Angeles Munoz-Fernandez; Pompeyo      Viciana; Miguel      Genebat; Manuel      Leal

Abstract

Premature immunosenescence has been reported in different HIV scenarios. However, how premature is the HIV-related immunosenescent phenotype is still unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the immunosenescent status of young viraemic naive HIV-infected individuals, with less than four years from infection. To this end, replicative senescence, activation and proliferation T-cell levels were analyzed in chronically HIV-infected young individuals and both, elderly and young healthy controls. We show that young HIV-infected viraemic patients, with less than four years from infection, have early immune exhaustion leading to a premature immunosenescence comparable to healthy people 40 years elder. In addition, memory T-cell subsets showed greater alterations than elder healthy controls and, in patients with high viral loads, CD57 expression at the memory T-cell subsets was correlated with lower viral increases but higher CD4 T-cell lost during follow up.

Keywords: HIV, immunosenescence, CD57, premature immunosenescence, HAART onset, Exhaustion, HIV-infected individuals, CD57-expressing, CD4, expressing memory T-cell subsets