Abstract
The aims of this research were to develop and validate a simple, sensitive method to determine un-conjugated urinary cotinine (COT-U) levels and to investigate its ability to discriminate active and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. For this assay, urine was diluted with water, cotinine-d3 was added as an internal standard, and the sample was separated by a C18 column and analysed by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The quantification limit was 0.1 μg/L, range of linearity was 0.1–4000 μg/L, intra- and inter-run precision were <10%, and accuracy was within 13% of the theoretical value. Investigation of the matrix effect showed that the internal standard controlled sources of bias. The assay was applied to 168 adults who classified themselves as non-smokers with (9.5%) or without (67.9%) ETS exposure, active smokers (20.2%), and those who did not report smoking information (2.4%). Median COT-U levels were 1.3, 0.6, 687, and 57 μg/L, respectively. Based on a critical evaluation of self-classification and COT-U levels, we proposed a 30- μg/L cut-off value to identify active smoking. The ability of COT-U levels to distinguish ETS exposure was evaluated among non-smokers, but a wide overlap between groups with and without ETS exposure prevented the identification of a reliable cut-off value. A 2-μg/L COT-U cut-off value correctly identified 95.4% of self-classified non-ETS exposure and 33.3% of self-classified ETS exposure. This method reliably measured a wide range of COT-U levels. The 30-μg/L cutoff value appropriately classified active tobacco smoke exposure, but the classification of ETS exposure needs further research.
Keywords: Active tobacco smoke, biomonitoring, environmental tobacco smoke, LC-MS/MS, urinary cotinine
Current Analytical Chemistry
Title:A Validated Method for Urinary Cotinine Quantification Used to Classify Active and Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure
Volume: 9 Issue: 3
Author(s): Silvia Fustinoni, Laura Campo, Elisa Polledri, Rosa Mercadante, Laura Erspamer, Andrea Ranzi, Paolo Lauriola, Carlo Alberto Goldoni and PierAlberto Bertazzi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Active tobacco smoke, biomonitoring, environmental tobacco smoke, LC-MS/MS, urinary cotinine
Abstract: The aims of this research were to develop and validate a simple, sensitive method to determine un-conjugated urinary cotinine (COT-U) levels and to investigate its ability to discriminate active and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. For this assay, urine was diluted with water, cotinine-d3 was added as an internal standard, and the sample was separated by a C18 column and analysed by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The quantification limit was 0.1 μg/L, range of linearity was 0.1–4000 μg/L, intra- and inter-run precision were <10%, and accuracy was within 13% of the theoretical value. Investigation of the matrix effect showed that the internal standard controlled sources of bias. The assay was applied to 168 adults who classified themselves as non-smokers with (9.5%) or without (67.9%) ETS exposure, active smokers (20.2%), and those who did not report smoking information (2.4%). Median COT-U levels were 1.3, 0.6, 687, and 57 μg/L, respectively. Based on a critical evaluation of self-classification and COT-U levels, we proposed a 30- μg/L cut-off value to identify active smoking. The ability of COT-U levels to distinguish ETS exposure was evaluated among non-smokers, but a wide overlap between groups with and without ETS exposure prevented the identification of a reliable cut-off value. A 2-μg/L COT-U cut-off value correctly identified 95.4% of self-classified non-ETS exposure and 33.3% of self-classified ETS exposure. This method reliably measured a wide range of COT-U levels. The 30-μg/L cutoff value appropriately classified active tobacco smoke exposure, but the classification of ETS exposure needs further research.
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Fustinoni Silvia, Campo Laura, Polledri Elisa, Mercadante Rosa, Erspamer Laura, Ranzi Andrea, Lauriola Paolo, Alberto Goldoni Carlo and Bertazzi PierAlberto, A Validated Method for Urinary Cotinine Quantification Used to Classify Active and Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure, Current Analytical Chemistry 2013; 9 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411011309030014
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411011309030014 |
Print ISSN 1573-4110 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6727 |
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