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Emerging resistance against different fungicides in Lasiodiplodia theobromae, the cause of mango dieback in Pakistan

Rehman ur Ateeq (Bahauddin Zakariya University, Department of Plant Pathology, Multan, Pakistan)
Din Umar ud Ummad (Bahauddin Zakariya University, Department of Plant Pathology, Multan, Pakistan)
Naqvi Syed Atif Hasan (Bahauddin Zakariya University, Department of Plant Pathology, Multan, Pakistan)
Latif Munaza Rana (Bahauddin Zakariya University, Department of Plant Pathology, Multan, Pakistan)
Khan Sajid Aleem (University of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, Faisalabad, Pakistan)
Malik Muhammad Tariq (Mango Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan)
Freed Shoaib (Bahauddin Zakariya University, Department of Entomology, Multan, Pakistan)

Dieback of mango caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae is among several diseases responsible for low crop production in Pakistan. To further complicate the issue, resistance in L. theobromae is emerging against different fungicides. L. theobromae was isolated from diseased samples of mango plants collected from various orchards in the Multan District. The efficacy of different fungicides viz. copper oxychloride, diethofencarb, pyrachlostrobin, carbendazim, difenoconazole, mancozeb, and thiophanate-methyl was evaluated in vitro using a poison food technique. Thiophanate-methyl at all concentrations was found to be the most effective among five systemic fungicides against L. theobromae, followed by carbendazim, difenoconazole and diethofencarb. The fungicides, i.e., thiophanate-methyl, difenoconazole, carbendazim and diethofencarb showed maximum efficacy with increasing concentration. The isolates of L. theobromae showed some resistance development against the tested fungicides when compared with previous work. These investigations provide new information about chemical selection for the control of holistic disease in mango growing zones of Pakistan.

Keywords: Mangifera indica, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, fungicides, resistance