To solve environmental problems, it is important to promote pro-environmental behaviors among all citizens. At the same time, it is important to note that the background of citizens' pro-environmental behavior comprises two states of consciousness, economy-oriented consciousness and ecology-oriented consciousness that impact pro-environmental behaviors. Considering demographic factors, this study analyzes which citizens practice pro-environmental behaviors in their daily life and then classifies pro-active citizens according to whether they exhibit consideration based on ecology-oriented consciousness or economy-oriented consciousness. To conduct this research, a social survey was used to collect data from people in China, Japan, and South Korea from 2010 to 2011. Logistic regression analyses was used in this study and it proved that women and the elderly are more engaged in pro-environmental behaviors in Japan, South Korea, and Hangzhou, but there were no distinguishing characteristics in Beijing. Moreover, it was also clear that Japanese elderly people highly engaged in pro-environmental behaviors from an ecology-oriented consciousness, while in Hangzhou, more educated people performed pro-environmental behaviors from an ecology-oriented consciousness. In South Korea, highly educated people and those in high-income groups performed pro-environmental behaviors from a more ecology-oriented consciousness.