材料
Online ISSN : 1880-7488
Print ISSN : 0514-5163
ISSN-L : 0514-5163
フライス加工による残留応力
村上 裕則井淵 弘昭
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ジャーナル フリー

1967 年 16 巻 171 号 p. 966-971

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Residual stresses of considerable magnitude are generally introduced near the surface layers of machine components by the machining operation. These residual stresses are deleterious from the standpoint of precise finishing, and also have some effects on the fatigue strength. Therefore, the measurement of these stresses is an important subject for machine manufacturers. Several studies have been reported concerning the residual stresses produced by the machining operation, such as turning, shapering, milling and grinding etc1)-3).
In this study, the surface residual stresses due to the milling operation were measured with X-rays under several conditions such as the cutting speed, the feeding and the depth of cut. Flat plate specimens of a low carbon steel and a high tensile strength steel were used, and one surface of the specimen was cut with a plain milling cutter of 25° spiral angle under the cooling action of oil lubricant. The X-ray apparatus used was of parallel beam type with GM counter, and CoKα beams were used throughout this experiment. The residual stresses were measured by the sinsin2ψmethod in the cutting direction as well as in the transverse direction. The distribution of residual stress near the surface was examined by etching off a thin layer successively from the machined surface and by utilizing the correction formula4). The changes in the half-value breadth due to successive removal of surface layers and in hardness were also investigated.
The conclusions obtained in this study may be summarized as follows. The increase in the cutting speed has the effect of decreasing the tensile residual stress, on the contrary, the increase in the feeding exerts such influence as to raise the residual stress toward the tension side. On the other hand, the residual stress tends to maintain nearly a constant value despite of the increase in the depth of cut. The region of monotonous decrease in the half-value breadth and hardness which may be considered to represent the domain of deteriorated surface layers6), was in approximate coincidence with the range in which the residual stress distribution showed a remarkable change.

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