Tryptophan-Derived Uremic Toxins and Thrombosis in Chronic Kidney Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Uremic Toxins from Tryptophan Metabolism
3. Tryptophan-Derived Uremic Toxins and Thrombotic Events
4. Thrombotic Mechanisms Induced by Tryptophan-Derived Uremic Toxins
4.1. Deregulation of Plasma Coagulation Factors
4.2. Platelet Hyperactivity
4.3. Endothelial Dysfunction
4.4. Decrease in NO Bioavailability
4.5. Production of Procoagulant Microparticles
4.6. Overexpression of Cell Tissue Factor
5. Modulation of Microbiota and Diet to Reduce TDUT Production
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Addi, T.; Dou, L.; Burtey, S. Tryptophan-Derived Uremic Toxins and Thrombosis in Chronic Kidney Disease. Toxins 2018, 10, 412. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/toxins10100412
Addi T, Dou L, Burtey S. Tryptophan-Derived Uremic Toxins and Thrombosis in Chronic Kidney Disease. Toxins. 2018; 10(10):412. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/toxins10100412
Chicago/Turabian StyleAddi, Tawfik, Laetitia Dou, and Stéphane Burtey. 2018. "Tryptophan-Derived Uremic Toxins and Thrombosis in Chronic Kidney Disease" Toxins 10, no. 10: 412. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/toxins10100412