Risk factors for forest biodiversity in Sicily: the case study of the Quercus gussonei (Borzì) Brullo

Abstract

Quercus gussonei (Borzì, Brullo) is an endemic species that is found in Sicily and it is exclusive to the Nebrodi chain and Ficuzza Reserve. The present study examined the natural regeneration of this plant, in the Nature Reserve of “Bosco della Ficuzza, Rocca Busambra, Bosco Del Cappelliere, Gorgo Del Drago”. This is a one layer forest stand showing clear signs of decay. To isolate the factors that influence the growth of the seedlings,a treatment plan was carried out in certain areas of the forest. The results of the study confirmed that the oak does not regenerate itself and, according to our data, this is due to two factors: the presence of uncontrolled grazing cattle and the competition with shrubs. In fact, this presence is only favourable during germination, but in the long run leads to overshadowing of the seedlings, their accelerated growth, and eventually gnarled and twisted saplings. Thus, the data obtained has allowed us to define possible conservation measures.